Removing enough energy from a gas causes a gas to change into a liquid or a solid. Adding energgy to a liquid or a solid causes it to change into a gas. The process by which a liquid or a solid changes to a gas is vaporization.
- By Evaporization or Boiling:
As a liquid is warmed, some particles gaine enough energy that they escape from the surface of the liquid and become a gas. This process is called evaporation.
A rapid change from a liquid to a gas, or vapor, is called boiling. This takes place throughout a liquid, not just at the surface. At a high temperature bubbles form. The specific temperature at which this occurs in a liquid is called the boiling point.
- By Condensation:
As a gas is cooled its particles lose energy, and a liquid forms. The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called condensation.
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